Related:
Badania okresowe,
Bibcode,
Corporation for National Research Initiatives,
European Union,
GS1,
Globally Unique Identifier,
Granularity,
Handle System,
ISBN,
ISO,
Indecs Content Model,
Intellectual property,
International Standard Book Number,
International Standard Recording Code,
International Standard Serial Number,
Magic cookie,
Metadata,
OAI,
Object identifier,
OpenURL,
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development,
PURL,
Performance,
Persistent Uniform Resource Locator,
PubMed,
Publications Office (European Union),
Serial Item and Contribution Identifier,
SourceOECD,
Uniform Resource Identifier,
Uniform Resource Locator,
Uniform Resource Name,
Universally Unique Identifier,
The Digital Object Identifier (DOI) System is a managed system for persistent identification of content-related entities on digital networks.[1] These entities may be content items (digital files, physical objects, abstract works), or any related entities in a content transaction (e.g. licenses, parties, etc.). "DOI" is sometimes used to mean the identifiers within this system; hence the use of the term alone is deprecated unless the meaning is sufficiently clear from an earlier mention or the specific context: instead it should always be used in conjunction with a specific noun. The DOI name is the identifier string that specifies a unique object (the referent) within the DOI System; the DOI syntax is the form and sequence of characters comprising any DOI name, specifically the prefix element, separator, and suffix element; and the DOI System is the functional deployment of DOI names as identifiers in computer sensible form through assignment, resolution, referent description, administration, etc. Hence DOI is not primarily a numbering system - it is primarily a globally consistent persistent identifier resolution system combined with a coherent approach to creating the identifiers, plus metadata, and a social structure to back up the persistence which is enabled by the technology.
The bibcode is an identifier used by a number of astronomical data systems to specify literature references. The bibcode was developed to be used in SIMBAD and the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), but is now used more widely, for example, in the NASA Astrophysics Data System.[1][2] The code has a fixed length of 19 characters and has the form
The Corporation for National Research Initiatives (CNRI), based in Reston, Virginia, is a non-profit organization founded in 1986 by Robert E. Kahn as an "activities center around strategic development of network-based information technologies",[1] including the National Information Infrastructure in the United States. CNRI publishes D-Lib Magazine, a journal of digital library research and development. It also develops the Handle System for managing and locating digital information. CNRI formerly operated the Secretariat of the Internet Engineering Task Force.
The European Union (EU) is an economic and political union of 27 member states,[6] located primarily in Europe. Committed to regional integration, the EU was established by the Treaty of Maastricht on 1 November 1993 upon the foundations of the European Economic Community.[7] With over 500 million citizens[8], the EU generates an estimated 30% share (US$18.4 trillion in 2008) of the nominal gross world product and about 22% (US$15.2 trillion in 2008) of the PPP gross world product.[9]GS1 is an international not-for-profit association dedicated to the development and implementation of global standards and solutions to improve the efficiency and visibility of supply and demand chains globally and across multiple sectors. The GS1 System of standards is the most widely-used supply-chain standards system in the world.
A globally unique identifier or GUID (pronounced /ˈɡuːɪd/ or /ˈɡwɪd/) is a special type of identifier used in software applications to provide a reference number which is unique in any context (hence, "globally"), for example, in defining the internal reference for a type of access point in a software application, or for creating unique keys in a database. While each generated GUID is not guaranteed to be unique, the total number of unique keys (2128 or 3.4×1038) is so large that the probability of the same number being generated twice is extremely small.Granularity is the extent to which a system is broken down into small parts, either the system itself or its description or observation. It is the "extent to which a larger entity is subdivided. For example, a yard broken into inches has finer granularity than a yard broken into feet."[1]The Handle System is a technology specification for assigning, managing, and resolving persistent identifiers for digital objects and other resources on the Internet. The protocols specified enable a distributed computer system to store identifiers (names, or handles), of digital resources and resolve those handles into the information necessary to locate, access, and otherwise make use of the resources. That information can be changed as needed to reflect the current state and/or location of the identified resource without changing the handle.