Canadian Forces

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1 Canadian Air Division (1 Cdn Air Div) (French: 1^re Division aérienne du Canada) is the operational-level command and control formation of the Canadian Forces' Air Command (AIRCOM). It is commanded by an air force major-general.^[1]

1 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group

1 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group (1CMBG) is a Canadian Forces brigade group that is part of Land Forces Western Area of the Canadian army. Originally headquartered at CFB Calgary, it is currently based in CFB Edmonton in Alberta with two major units at CFB Shilo in Manitoba, and consists of seven Regular Force units:

427 Squadron

The 427 Special Operations Aviation Squadron (427 SOAS) provides Canadian Special Operations Forces Command with an aviation capability to all units under its command. The squadron is based at CFB Petawawa, Ontario with a fleet of CH-146 Griffon helicopters.^[1]

5 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group

5 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group (French: 5^e Groupe-brigade mécanisé du Canada) (5CMBG) is a Canadian Forces brigade group that is part of Land Forces Quebec Area of the Canadian army. It is based in CFB Valcartier. The brigade group is the formation responsible for the majority of francophone units of the regular army.

ASU Saint-Jean

Fort Saint-Jean is a historic fort in the Canadian La Vallée-du-Richelieu Regional County Municipality, Quebec. The fort is designated as a National Historic Site. Fort Saint-Jean was part of a series of five forts built along the Richelieu River. Fort Richelieu is at the mouth of the Richelieu River. Fort Chambly formerly known as Fort St. Louis at Chambly, Fort Sainte-Thérèse, and Fort Saint-Jean at Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, are on the way. Fort St. Anne (Isle la Motte, Vermont) in Lake Champlain is near its source. The forts were built in order to protect travellers on the river from the Iroquois. The region is informally known as la Vallée-des-Forts.

Advice (constitutional)

Advice, in constitutional law, is formal, usually binding, instruction given by one constitutional officer of state to another. Especially in parliamentary systems of government, Heads of state often act on the basis of advice^[1] issued by prime ministers or other government ministers. For example, Queen Elizabeth II formally appoints her British ministers on the advice of the British Prime Minister.

Afghanistan

The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is a landlocked country in South-Central Asia. It is variously described as being located within Central Asia,^[5][6] South Asia,^[7][8] or the Middle East.^[9] It is bordered by Iran in the west, Pakistan in the south and east, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the north, and China in the far northeast.

Air Commodore

Air Commodore (Air Cdre in the RAF, AIRCDRE in the RNZAF and RAAF, A/C in the former RCAF) is an air officer rank which originated in and continues to be used by the Royal Air Force.^[1] The rank is also used by the air forces of many countries which have historical British influence and it is sometimes used as the English translation of an equivalent rank in countries which have a non-English air force-specific rank structure.

Air Defense Anti-Tank System

The Air Defense Anti-Tank System (ADATS) is a dual-purpose short range surface-to-air and anti-tank missile system based on the M113A2 vehicle. It is manufactured by the Swiss company Oerlikon-Contraves, a member of the Rheinmetall Defence Group of Germany.

Air commodores-in-chief

Air Commodore-in-Chief is a type of honorary air force appointment which originated in the Royal Air Force and now exists in the air forces of various Commonwealth realms. Initially only the British monarch held air commodore-in-chief appointments. However, since the second half of the 20th century, other members of the Commonwealth realms' shared Royal Family have been appointed to such positions.

Airport

An airport is a location where aircraft such as fixed-wing aircraft, helicopters, and blimps take off and land. Aircraft may be stored or maintained at an airport. An airport consists of at least one surface such as a runway, a helipad, or water for takeoffs and landings, and often includes buildings such as hangars and terminal buildings.

Alberta

Alberta (pronounced /ælˈbɜrtə/) is the most populous and fastest growing of Canada's three prairie provinces. It is approximately the same size as France or Texas and had a population of 3.7 million in 2009.^[3] It became a province on September 1, 1905, on the same day as Saskatchewan.^[4] It is economically important primarily because of its vast oil reserves, and its large tertiary and quaternary economic sector.

American Revolution

The American Revolution was the political upheaval during the last half of the 18th century in which the Thirteen Colonies among the possessions in North America of the Kingdom of Great Britain at first rejected the governance of the Parliament of Great Britain, and later the British monarchy itself, to become the sovereign United States of America. During this period, the colonies first rejected the authority of the Parliament to govern them without representation, expelled all royal officials and set up thirteen Provincial Congresses or equivalent to form individual self-governing states. Through representatives sent to the Second Continental Congress, they originally joined together to defend their respective self-governance and manage the armed conflict against the British known as the American Revolutionary War (1775–83, also American War of Independence). The states ultimately determined collectively that the British monarchy, by acts of tyranny, could no longer legitimately claim their allegiance. They then united to form one nation, breaking away from the British Empire in July 1776 when the Congress issued the Declaration of Independence, rejecting the monarchy on behalf of the United States of America. The war ended with effective American victory in October 1781, followed by formal British abandonment of any claims to the United States with the Treaty of Paris in 1783.

Appalachian Mountains

Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, New Jersey, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Alabama

Architecture of Canada

The architecture of Canada is, with the exception of that of Canadian First Nations, closely linked to the techniques and styles developed in Canada, Europe and the United States. However, design has long needed to be adapted to Canada's climate and geography, and at times has also reflected the uniqueness of Canadian culture.

Arctic

The Arctic (pronounced /ˈɑrktɪk/ or /ˈɑrtɪk/) is the region around the Earth's North Pole, opposite the Antarctic region around the South Pole. The Arctic includes the Arctic Ocean (which overlies the North Pole) and parts of Canada, Greenland (a territory of Denmark), Russia, the United States (Alaska), Iceland, Norway, Sweden and Finland.

Arctic Cordillera

The Arctic Cordillera is a vast, deeply dissected chain of mountain ranges extending along the northeastern flank of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago from Ellesmere Island to the northeasternmost part of the Ungava Peninsula in northern Labrador and northern Quebec, Canada. It spans most of the eastern coast of Nunavut with high glaciated peaks rising through icefields and some of Canada's largest ice caps, including the Penny Ice Cap on Baffin Island.^[1] It is bounded to the east by Baffin Bay, Davis Strait and the Labrador Sea while its northern portion is bounded by the Arctic Ocean.

Armed Forces Council (Canada)

The Armed Forces Council is the senior military body in Canada. It meets to advise the Chief of the Defence Staff (CDS) on matters concerning the command, control and administration of the Canadian Forces (CF) as well as to help the CDS make decisions regarding these matters. The council replaced the committee of the Chiefs of Staff after Unification in 1968.

Arms of Canada

The Arms of Canada (also known as the Royal Coat of Arms of Canada.^{[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]} or formally as the Arms of His/Her Majesty in Right of Canada)^[8] is, since 1921, the official coat of arms of the Canadian monarch, and thus also of Canada. It is closely modelled after the royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom with distinctive Canadian elements replacing or added to those derived from the British.

Atlantic Canada

Atlantic Canada, also known as the Atlantic provinces, is the region of Canada comprising the four provinces located on the Atlantic coast, excluding Quebec: the three Maritime provinces – New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island – and Newfoundland and Labrador. The population of the Atlantic provinces was 2,337,561 as of 2009.^[1]

Australian Defence Force

The Australian Defence Force (ADF) is the military organisation responsible for the defence of Australia. It consists of the Royal Australian Navy, the Australian Army, the Royal Australian Air Force and a number of 'tri-service' units.

Authorized marches of the Canadian Forces

The following is a list of the notable authorized marches for various organizations of the Canadian Forces. The first march listed is the march most commonly performed for that organization on parade; it is commonly referred to simply as that organization's "march" or "march past". In addition, many organizations also have additional pieces for slow marches, marches for mounted parades, pipe marches, etc; they are subsequently listed and footnoted as applicable.

BGM-71 TOW

The BGM-71 TOW is an anti-tank guided missile. "TOW" stands for "Tube-launched, Optically-tracked, Wire-guided". The TOW was first produced in 1970 and is the most widely used anti-tank guided missile in the world.

Balmoral bonnet

The Balmoral Bonnet is a traditional Scottish bonnet or cap that can be worn with Scottish Highland Dress. It is named after Balmoral Castle, a Royal residence in Scotland.

Bank of Canada

The Bank of Canada (in French: Banque du Canada) is Canada's central bank. It was created by the Bank of Canada Act of 1934^[1], a law giving it a monopoly on the issuance of banknotes. How much money it creates influences the value of the Canadian dollar. Its stated purpose is to "promote the economic and financial well-being of Canada."

Banking in Canada

Banking in Canada is widely considered the most efficient and safest banking system in the world,^[1] ranking as the world's soundest banking system according to a 2008 World Economic Forum report.^[2] According to the Department of Finance, Canada’s banks, also called chartered banks, have over 8,000 branches and almost 18,000 automated teller machines (ATMs) across the country.^[3] In addition, "Canada has the highest number of ABMs per capita in the world and benefits from the highest penetration levels of electronic channels such as debit cards, Internet banking and telephone banking".^[3]

Battle for Caen

The Battle for Caen from June to August 1944 was a battle between Allied (primarily British and Canadian troops) and German forces during the Battle of Normandy.

Battle of Britain

Europe
Poland – Phoney War – Denmark & Norway
France & Benelux – Britain – Balkans – Yugoslav Front – Eastern Front – Western Front (1944–45) – Mediterranean, Middle East and Africa
Asia & The Pacific
China – Pacific Ocean – South-East Asia 
South West Pacific – Japan – Manchuria (1945)

Battle of the Atlantic (1939–1945)

 Canada
 Norway
Poland
Free French Forces
 Belgium
 Netherlands
 United States (1941–45)
 Brazil (1942–45)
 France (1939–40)

Ben Johnson (sprinter)

Benjamin Sinclair "Ben" Johnson, CM (born December 30, 1961 in Falmouth, Jamaica) is a Canadian former sprinter, who enjoyed a high-profile career during most of the 1980s, winning two Olympic Bronze medals, and an Olympic Gold which were subsequently rescinded. He set consecutive 100 m world records at the 1987 World Championships in Athletics and the 1988 Summer Olympics, but he was disqualified for doping, losing the Olympic title and both records.

Beret

A beret (pronounced /ˈbɛreɪ/^[1] or /bəˈreɪ/;^[2] French: [beˈʁɛ]) (Basque: txapel; Spanish and Portuguese: boina) is a soft round cap, usually of wool felt, with a flat crown, which is worn by both men and women and usually associated with France although it is also the traditional headgear of Northern Spain. The beret was also common in other surrounding countries, especially the Low Countries, with precursors extending as far back as the Middle Ages, but its exact origins remain unknown.

Bombardier Inc.

Bombardier Inc. (French pronunciation: [bɔ̃baʁdje]) is a Canadian conglomerate, founded by Joseph-Armand Bombardier as L'Auto-Neige Bombardier Limitée in 1942, at Valcourt in the Eastern Townships, Quebec. Over the years it has been a large manufacturer of regional aircraft, business jets, mass transportation equipment, recreational equipment and a financial services provider. Bombardier is a Fortune Global 500 conglomerate company.^[1] Its headquarters are in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.